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Cryptography

ZXZYZ reviews and designs of cryptographic algorithms, security protocols. ZXZYZ offers security review of existing systems and infrastructure.

  • Payment systems,
  • Corprate network security,
  • Data storage security, data transfer security,
  • Authenticaton and authorisation security.
Cryptographic Algorithms
Symmetric key cryptography Asymmetric key cryptography
Ciphers. Used for Encryption Public key cryptography. Ciphers. Used for Key Exchange
Block Stream Hash
Keyed Unkeyed
Used for Message authentication code (MAC)
AES, ARIA, Blowfish, Camellia, DES, GOST, ICE, Kalyna, KASUMI, MESH, SEED, Twofish RC4, Rabbit, Scream, SOBER, Turing, VEST BLAKE, HMAC, MD6, PMAC, Poly1305 BLAKE, GOST, HAVAL, MD6, SHA, Skein, SWIFFT, Tiger, Whirlpool
  • RSA
  • Ed25519 signing
  • X25519 key exchange
  • Ed448 signing
  • X448 key exchange
  • Diffie-Hellman (DH), ECDH
  • ElGamal
  • Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC)
  • Diffie-Hellman key exchange
  • DSA, ECDSA, EdDSA
  • PSK,
  • SRP,
  • Kerberos
  • Key Serialization
  • Asymmetric Utilities

Digital Certificate: Asymmetric key algorithms (private/public key),X-509 format, PKI structure. Created by CA (trusted third party). Identify the sender, authenticate the message. Contains public key.

Digital Signature: Asymmetric key algorithms (private/public key), DSS structure. Self Created. Authenticate the message only.

Public key infrastructure (PKI) is a set of roles, policies, hardware, software and procedures needed to create, manage, distribute, use, store and revoke digital certificates and manage public-key encryption.

X.509 is a standard for the format and contents of certificates.

PEM preceded S/MIME as a mail security standard. A PEM (Privacy-Enhanced Mail) file is a container format that is a base64-encoded bit of data that may include a public key, a private key, X509 certificates, PKCS7 data, files containing multiple certificates, files containing both the private key and the X509 certificate, PKCS#10 certificate signing requests or whatever.

Protocols

SSL

Depriciated and replaced by TLS

TLS

Transport Layer Security.

HTTP, FTP, SMTP, NNTP and XMPP use TLS.

Key Exchange

X.509 format-PKI sructure-Public key-digital certificates used during exchange/agreement. Asymmetric key algorithms are used.

Cipher

Symmetric Block Ciphers are used.

Data Integrity

Message authentication code (MAC)

DNSSEC

IPSEC

PGP